Basic Usage

BASIC USAGE

(1) LET’S + V 1st F - used for making suggestions.
eg :-
(i) Let’s go.
(ii)Let’s make a move.
(iii)Let’s get out of here.
(iv)Let’s get down to business.
(2) LET’S HAVE + NOUN - used for making suggestions.
eg :-
(i)Let’s have a chat.
(ii)Let’s have a bath.
(iii)Let’s have our break fast.
(iv)Let’s have something.
(3) USED TO + V 1st F - used to say that sth happened continuously or frequently during a period in the past.
eg :-
(i)I used to smoke.
(ii)They used to come here.
(iii)I used to read a lot.
(iv)I used to write poems.
AM/IS/ARE + USED TO + V +ING/NOUN - to talk about something that you are familiar with so that it no longer seems new or strange to you.
eg :-
(i) I am used to working hard.
(ii)He is used to heavy duties.
(iii) Eventually you'll get/become used to the smells of the laboratory.
(iv) I’m not used to eating so much at lunchtime.
(4) NEEDN’T + V 1st F - used to state that sth is/was not necessary or that only very little is/was necessary; used to ask if sth is/was necessary.
eg :-
(i)You needn’t finish that work today.
(ii)We needn’t go there.
(iii)We needn’t invite everybody.
(iv) We needn’t afford his expense.
(5) HAD BETTER + V 1st F - used to tell sb what you think they should do.
eg :-
(i)We had better inform the chairman.
(ii)You had better resign.
(iii)We had better obey him.
(iv)She had better continue her studies.
(6) FEEL + ADJ - to experience something physical or emotional.
eg :-
(i)I feel tired
(ii) I feel bored.
(iii)I feel sleepy.
(iv)We feel satisfied.
(7) FEEL LIKE + V+ ING - to have a desire for something, or to want to do something, at a particular moment.
eg :-
(i) I feel like dancing.
(ii) I feel like having a cold shower.
(iii)I feel like playing football.
(iv) I don’t feel like talking to her.
(v) I don’t feel like watching any movie.
(8) GOING TO + V 1st F - used to show what sb intends to do in the future.
eg :-
(i) I’m going to start a business.
(ii)He’s going to resign.
(iii) She is going to reveal the truth.
(9) THAT + ADJ - as much as suggested.
eg :-
(i)She’s that beautiful.
(ii)It’s that boring.
(iii)It’s not that expensive.
(iv) It wasn't (all) that (= very) good.
(10) REMEMBER +VERB+ING - to be able to bring back a piece of information into your mind, or to keep a piece of information in your memory.
eg :-
(i)I remember seeing you somewhere.
(ii)I remember hearing this song once.
(iii) I don’t remember insulting her in any way.
(iv)I remember giving them some books on English literature.
(v)I don’t remember borrowing even a single penny from you.
(11) IT’S TIME - a particular point of the day, week, month, year, etc. that is suitable for a particular activity, or at which something is expected to happen.
eg :-
(i)It’s time to wind up the function.
(ii)It’s time for me to revise the lessons.
(iii)It’s time to have our breakfast.
(iv)It’s time for him to get back home.
IT’S TIME (THAT) - used to say that you think sb should do sth soon.
eg :-
(i) It’s time you gave up smoking.
(ii)It’s time we started the function.
(iii)It’s time she came back.
(iv) It’s high time you stopped acting like a little child.
(12) SOUND - DEEP,GOOD,STRONG
eg :-
(i)Sound hope.
(ii)Sound mind.
(iii)Sound judgement.
(IT) SOUNDS (AS A RESPONSE) - to give a particular impression when heard or read about.
eg :-
(i) (It) sounds interesting.
(ii)Sounds boring.
(iii)Sounds incredible.
SOUND (AS A VERB) – to seem good/interesting/strange, etc. from what is said or written.
eg :-
(i)He sounds confident.
(ii)She sounds confused.
(iii) You sound nervous.
(iv) Your job sounds really interesting.
SOUND LIKE + NOUN - to seem like something, from what is said or written.
eg :-
(i)You sound like a fraud.
(ii) He sounds like a shrewd businessman.
(13) LOOK + ADJ - to seem; to appear .
eg :-
(i)You look tired.
(ii)You look better today.
(iii)She looks aged.
LOOK LIKE + NOUN - to appear or seem.
eg:-
(i) You look like a film star.
(ii)It looks like an old temple.
(ii) He looks like a priest.
(14) SEEM TO + V 1st F - to give the impression of being or doing sth.
SYN : appear
eg :-
(i)He seems to accept his proposal.
(ii)She seems to deny it.
(iii)They seem to give him one more chance.
SEEM + ADJ - to give the impression of being or doing sth
SYN : appear
eg:-
(i) They seem optimistic.
(ii)She seems well-bred.
(iii)He seems patient.
SEEMS TO BE + NOUN - to give the impression of being or doing sth.
SYN : appear
eg:-
(i)He seems to be an experienced teacher.
(ii)She seems to be an intelligent student.
(iii)It seems to be a religious precession.
SEEM TO HAVE + V3rd F - used to make what you say about your thoughts, feeling or actions less strong.
eg :-
(i)You seem to have lost your interest in studies.
(ii)She seems to have forgotten everything.
(iii)They seem to have seen us.
(15) BE SUPPOSED TO DO /BE SOMETHING - to be expected or required to do / be sth according to a rule, a custom, an arrangement, etc.
eg :-
(i) You were supposed to be here an hour ago!
(ii) The children are supposed to be at school by 8.45 a.m.
(iii) What are you doing out of bed - you're supposed to be asleep.
NOT BE SUPPOSED TO DO SOMETHING - to not be allowed to do sth.
eg :-
(i) You’re not supposed to walk on the grass.
(ii) You're not supposed (= allowed) to park here.
BE SUPPOSED TO - to be intended to.
eg :-
(i) These batteries are supposed to last for a year.
(ii) How am I supposed to (= How can I) find that much money by the end of the week?

(16) MAKE + OBJECT + V 1st F - to cause sb/sth to do sth.
eg :-
(i)I will make her understand.
(ii)He will make her agree.
(iii)Don’t make us wait for long time.
(17)GET + OBJECT + V 3rd - to cause sth to happen or be done.
eg :-
(i)I want to get my car repaired.
(ii)I would like to get it typed neatly.
(iii) My sister has to get her eyes tested.
(18) ABLE TO - to have the necessary physical strength, mental power, skill, time, money or opportunity to do something.
eg :-
(i)She is able to do it.
(ii) They are able to conduct it.
(iii)I am not able to study it at a single stretch.
CAPABLE OF STH/OF DOING STH - having the ability or qualities necessary for doing sth.
eg:-
(i) He’s quite capable of lying to get out of trouble.
(ii) I’m perfectly capable of doing it myself, thank you.
(iii) You are capable of better work than this.
(19) CAN’T HELP + V+ING - used to say that it is impossible to prevent or avoid sth.
eg :-
(i)I can’t help doing it.
(ii)I can’t help drinking.
(iii) I couldn’t help bursting into laughter when I heard it.
(iii)She couldn’t help accepting that proposal.

(20) EXPECT/WANT/NEED/LOVE + OBJECTIVE +TO - to have a desire or a wish for sth.
eg :-
(i) She likes me to be with her all evening.
(ii)I need you to assist me in my work.
(iii)Do you want me to help?
(iv) I don’t want you coming home so late.
(21) HAS/HAVE TO + V 1st F - to need to or be forced
eg :-
(i)She has to study a lot.
(ii)I have to think it over.
(iii)She doesn’t have to look after all these things.
(iv)You have to do it all by yourself.
(v)I have to go through a number of journals.
(vi) You don’t have to strain a lot.
HAD TO +V 1st F - past participle of have.
eg : -
(i)She had to appear for the final exam.
(ii)I had to finish everything before 8 o’clock.
(iii)She had to take an exam at Aleppey.
(22) HAS OR HAVE BEEN + NOUN ,ADJ OR PREPOSITIONAL PHRASE - from a time in the past until a later past time, or until now.
eg :-
(i)We have been close friends since our childhood.
(ii) He has been with us for a long period.
(iii)You have never been confident in your work.
(23) Should
(1) Should +have+V 3rd - used to say that sth was expected has not happened.
eg : The bus should have arrived ten minutes ago.
- used to talk about past events which did not happen or may not have happened.
eg : I should have finished this work by now.
(ii) I should have studied harder for my exams.
(iii) You should have gone there.
(iv)We should have done it.
(v) We should have asked his permission.
(vi)He should have invited her.
- expressing regret and/or criticism for not having done sth.
eg : He should have been more careful.
(i) ‘Martin was lying all the time.’ ‘I should have known.’
- used to tell sb that sth would amuse or surprise them if they saw or experienced it.
eg : You should have seen her face when she found out!
(2) Should +be - used to say that sth that was expected has not happened.
eg : It should be snowing now, according to the weather forecast.
- used to show when something is likely or expected.
eg: "they should be finished by now"
(ii) My dry cleaning should be ready this afternoon.
(3) Should +have + Noun - used to say or ask what is the correct or best thing to do
eg :-
(i) You should have an aim.
(ii)We should have a good leader.
(iii)We should have a good library.
(24)Could
(1) Could +have - used to show that you are annoyed that sb did not do sth.
eg : They could have let me know they were going to be late!
Could +have +V 3rd - used to show that sth is or might be possible.
eg : Don’t worry – they could have just forgotten to call.
(ii)You couldn’t have left it on the bus, could you?
(2) Could +be - present possibility.
eg : I think you could be right you know.
(ii)This could be the answer to all our problems.
(25)May
(1)May + have +V 3rd - used to say that sth is possible.
eg : He may have (perhaps he has) missed the train.
(ii) I may have seen her.
(iii)He may have closed the shop.
(iv) She may have resigned.
(v) The explosion may have been caused by a faulty electrical connection.
(2)May +be - used to say that sth is possible.
eg :That may or may not be true.
- used when admitting that sth is true before introducing another point,argument, etc.
eg : He may be a good father but he’s a terrible husband.
- used when making a suggestion.
syn : perhaps
eg : May be you should tell her.

(26)Might
(1) Might + have + V 3rd - used to show that you are annoyed about sth that sb could do or could have done.
eg : Honestly, you might have told me!
- used when showing that sth is or was possible.
eg : The pills might have helped him, if only he’d taken them regulary.
- talking about the past with uncertainity.
eg : I’m surprised he failed. I suppose he might have been ill on the day of the exam.
(27)Will
(1) WILL (SHALL) HAVE TO + V 1st F - used to talk about what is going to happen in the future, especially things that you are certain about or things that are planned.
eg:-
(i)They will have to postpone the programme.
(ii)He will have to resign.
(iii) We won’t have to check everything.
(2) WILL HAVE + V3rd F - used to refer back to the past from a point in the future.
eg : By the time we get there, Jim will have left.
(ii) By next year all the money will have been spent.
(28)Would
(1) Would + have +V3rd - used for describing a possible action or event that did not in fact happen, because sth else did not happen first.
eg :If I had seen the advertisement in time I would have applied for the job.
(ii)They would never have met if she hadn’t gone to Emma’s party.
eg : None of this would have been possible without their help.
(29)Can
(1)Can +be - used to say what sb/sth is often like.
eg : He can be very tactless sometimes.
(ii)It can be quite cold here in winter.
(30)Must
(1)Must – saying you think sth is certain
eg : This must be the place- there’s a white car parked outside.
must - used to show that it is necessary or very important that something happens in the present or future.
eg : Meat must be cooked thoroughly.
(ii)I must get some sleep.
(iii)Luggage must not be left unattended (= it is against the rules).
(31)MANAGED TO + V 1st F -to succeed in doing sth, especially sth difficult.
eg :-
(i) How did you manage to persuade him?
(ii) I only just managed to finish on time.
(iii) A small dog had somehow managed to survive the fire.

(32) no matter who, what, where, etc. - used to say that sth is always true, whatever the situation is, or that sb should certainly do sth.
eg : They don’t last long no matter how careful you are.
(ii) Call me when you get there, no matter what the time is.
(33) as far as I know / as far as I can remember, see, tell, etc. - used to say that you think you know, remember, understand, etc. sth but you cannot be completely sure, especially because you do not know all the facts.
eg : As far as we knew, there was no cause for concern.
(ii) As far as I can see, you’ve done nothing wrong.
(iii) She lived in Chicago, as far as I can remember.
as / so far as I am concerned - used to give your personal opinion on sth.
eg : As far as I am concerned, you can do what you like.